多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)
多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是一种常见的生殖内分泌代谢疾病,10-15%的育龄期女性深受影响。
鉴于PCOS病因尚不明确,目前无法彻底治愈。
PCOS的特征是排卵功能障碍、高雄激素血症和卵巢多囊样改变,主要表现为月经稀发、闭经或不孕、多毛、脱发、反复发作的痤疮、肥胖、糖代谢异常及卵巢增大呈多囊状。
PCOS的个体化治疗
PCOS的治疗应根据患者的诉求,实行个体化治疗。
01
基础治疗:
有高雄激素症状或高雄激素血症的患者连续应用短效复方口服避孕药(COC)抗雄激素治疗,以减少PCOS患者妊娠并发症(如妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病等)和不良妊娠结局(如流产及早产)。
展开剩余86%此外,改善生活方式,纠正可能影响生育或妊娠结局的因素,如肥胖、血糖和血脂水平异常等。
02
不孕症的治疗:
(1)诱导排卵。
(2)腹腔镜等手术治疗。
(3)试管助孕。
随访与预防远期并发症
多囊卵巢综合征患者,应进行长期生活方式干预、预防代谢失调、调整月经周期。
(1)建议合并胰岛素抵抗的PCOS女性每年行1次口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)检查。
(2)已诊断为2型糖尿病的患者应在内分泌科进行规范治疗。
(3)合并有血脂代谢紊乱的PCOS女性应每3~6个月复查。
(4)PCOS患者为子宫内膜癌的高危人群,应对PCOS患者进行长期的月经管理,预防子宫内膜病变。
综上,对于多囊的小伙伴,需要长期随访和治疗,千万不要掉以轻心哦。
仁济生殖·助您好孕
张文超
医学博士 主治医师
仁济医院生殖医学中心(灵山路845号)
本文受以下项目资助:
上海市重中之重研究中心建设项目
(2023ZZ02002)
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划
(GWVI-11.1-36)
仁济生殖
上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院建于1844年,是一所集医疗、教学、科研于一体的综合性三级甲等医院。1992年组建上海市人类精子库,2001年成立生殖医学中心,目前开展涵盖所有不孕不育及优生优育诊疗技术项目,年门诊量突破40万人次,IVF周期数近1万周期,临床妊娠率居国内领先水平。
中心目前已经搭建了完善的学科平台,2009年牵头成立上海交通大学不孕不育专病诊治中心,2010年上海市卫计委批准建立上海市生殖与优生技术中心,2012年上海市科委批准建立上海市辅助生殖与优生重点实验室,2013年建立国家辅助生殖与优生工程研究中心上海分中心,2014年上海市卫计委批准建立上海市人类辅助生殖技术培训基地,承担上海市各生殖中心新上岗人员的培训工作。2018年上海市人类辅助生殖技术质量控制中心挂靠仁济生殖医学中心。2019年1月成为国内首家通过DNV GL&RTAC辅助生殖专项国际认证的中心,为国内和国际患者提供更加安全优质的生殖医疗服务。2021年成功获批“上海市生育力保护与重建中心”等学科平台,全国首发MyBaby区块链胚胎可视化应用。2023年获评上海市重中之重研究中心、上海市公共卫生重点学科,学科建设发展踏上新台阶!
Renji Hospital is a tertiary comprehensive hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine founded in 1844 which integrates medical science, education and research. The Shanghai Human Sperm Bank was established in 1992, and the Reproductive Center was set up in 2001. The Reproductive Center of Renji Hospital is the first center qualified for assisted reproductive technology (ART) from the National Ministry of Health (former) in 2004. Currently, it covers all projects regarding infertility and reproductive genetics diagnosis and treatment technology. The Reproductive Center of Renji Hospital plays a leading role in the establishment of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Infertility Diagnosis and Treatment Center in 2009. It has been the Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics Center in Shanghai since 2010, and sets up the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics in 2012. In addition, it is named as the National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics Shanghai Branch since 2013. Thereafter in 2014, it has established the Training Base for Shanghai Assisted Reproductive Technology, so as to undertake the training of new recruits in the reproductive centers of Shanghai. Besides, the Shanghai Quality Control Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology is established and affiliated to the center in 2018. Lately, the Reproductive Center of Renji Hospital is the first center in China to get the DNV GL&RTAC Health System Certification for Assisted Reproductive Technology in January 2019. The center has an annual of over 400,000 outpatient visits, and over 10,000 IVF cycles each year. In 2021, the center was successfully approved as a subject platform such as the "Shanghai Fertility Protection and Reconstruction Center" and launched the country's first MyBaby blockchain embryo visualization application. In 2023, it will be rated as a top priority research center in Shanghai and a key public health discipline in Shanghai, and the discipline construction and development will reach a new level!
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